Fracturas graves del cuello del astrágalo. Análisis del tratamiento en 20 casos / Severe talar neck fractures. Analysis of treatment in 20 cases

Introducción: Las fracturas del cuello del astrágalo son infrecuentes, pero la tasa de complicaciones y reintervenciones es alta. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar y describir las complicaciones a mediano y largo plazo en 20 pacientes con fractura del cuello del astrágalo. Nuestra hipótesis fue que, en las lesiones graves, la reducción abierta y fijación interna genera una tasa alta de complicaciones que requerirán de nuevas intervenciones quirúrgicas. Materiales y métodos: Se evaluó a 20 pacientes con fractura del cuello del astrágalo: 6 Hawkins II (29%), 11 Hawkins III (52%) y 3 Hawkins IV (19%). El seguimiento promedio fue de 11 años. Se analizaron el tipo de fractura (simple o conminuta), las lesiones asociadas, las complicaciones y la necesidad o no de un nuevo procedimiento quirúrgico. Resultados: Once pacientes (55%) tenían lesiones asociadas y 14 (70%), conminución en el trazo de fractura. Quince (75%) sufrieron complicaciones. Nueve (45%) requirieron una segunda intervención para tratar la complicación. Conclusiones: Los factores más relacionados con el desarrollo de complicaciones y la necesidad de una nueva intervención son: conminución en el trazo de fractura, lesiones asociadas en el miembro inferior homolateral, fracturas tipos III y IV de Hawkins, y fracturas expuestas. Creemos que, en las lesiones graves del cuello del astrágalo (tipos III y IV de Hawkins) con uno o más de estos factores, la artrodesis primaria podría disminuir el riesgo de complicaciones y de nuevas cirugías, y acortar el tiempo de recuperación de los pacientes. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Introduction: Talar neck fractures are rare but present a high rate of complications and reoperations. The objective of this work was to analyze and describe the complications in the medium and long term in 20 patients with talar neck fracture. Our hypothesis was that, in severe injuries, ORIF presents a high rate of complications that will require new surgical interventions. Materials and methods: We evaluated 20 patients with talar neck fracture: 6 Hawkins II (29%), 11 Hawkins III (52%), and 3 Hawkins IV (19%). The mean follow-up was 11 years. We analyzed the fracture pattern (simple or comminuted), the presence of associated injuries, complications, and the need to perform a new surgical procedure. Results: 11 (55%) had associated injuries and 14 (70%) had comminution in the fracture line. We presented complications in 15 patients (75%). 9 (45%) pa-tients required a second intervention to treat the complication. Conclusions: The factors most related to the development of complications and the need for a new intervention are: comminution in the fracture line, associated injuries in the ipsilateral lower limb, Hawkins type III and IV fractures, and exposed fractures. We believe that in severe talar neck injuries (Hawkins type III and IV) with one or more of these factors, primary arthrodesis reduces the risk of complications and new surgeries and shortens recovery time. Level of Evidence: IV

Tratamiento artroscópico en lesión osteocondral subtalar / Arthroscopic treatment of subtalar osteochondral lesion

Las lesiones osteocondrales de la articulación subtalar es una patología infrecuente y de incidencia variable, dado su reporte principalmente como hallazgo en el estudio de dolor crónico de tobillo y ya con cambios degenerativos articulares. La sospecha clínica y el estudio imagenológico dirigido, permiten investigar esas lesiones en estadios iniciales, evitando así el uso de técnicas que no preservan la articulación para su manejo. La artroscopía subtalar es una excelente herramienta tanto diagnóstica como terapéutica para la resolución de dichas lesiones. Dadas las características anatómicas y biomecánicas de la articulación, en estadios iniciales, el manejo mediante sinovectomía y microfracturas es una alternativa con excelentes resultados funcionales. Este trabajo incluye dos casos de lesiones osteocondrales de la faceta posterior de la articulación subtalar manejadas vía artroscópica mediante sinovectomía y microfracturas y su posterior evolución.

Osteochondral lesions in the subtalar joint are an uncommon pathology with a variable incidence, being mainly reported as a finding in chronic ankle pain studies and with already visible degenerative joint changes at time of diagnosis. Clinical suspicion and directed imaging study, allows to investigate these lesions during early stages, thus avoiding the use of invasive techniques with scarce joint preservation. Subtalar arthroscopy is an excellent diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the resolution of these lesions. Given the anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of the joint, in the early stages the management by synovectomy and microfractures is an alternative with excellent functional results. This study includes two cases of osteochondral lesions of the posterior facet of the subtalar joint managed through arthroscopically synovectomy and microfractures and their subsequent evolution.

Fractura del tubérculo medial de la apófisis posterior del astrágalo / Medial tubercle's fracture of posterior process of talus

OBJETIVO Mostrar una fractura infrecuente del tubérculo posteromedial del astrágalo diagnosticado y tratado de manera aguda mediante osteosíntesis con tornillo Acutrak® (2014 Acumed® LLC). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Varón de 28 años, que acude a Urgencias tras torcedura de tobillo con dolor al mover tobillo y hallux y tumefacción en cara interna. En Urgencias pasó desapercibida. En consulta a la semana refería sensación de que se le engancha el primer dedo con la flexoextensión. Se observa fractura del tubérculo medial de la apófisis posterior del astrágalo con desplazamiento >3mm y clínica de posible interposición del flexor hallucis longus. Se decidió tratamiento quirúrgico con tornillo Acutrak®. Se inmovilizó con férula 3 semanas y descarga 6 semanas. RESULTADOS A los 8 meses balance articular completo, sin dolor ni limitación para las ABVD y sin clínica de atrapamiento del flexor del hallux. Como complicación aguda, se verificó infección de herida quirúrgica que se trató con antibióticos. DISCUSIÓN Ese tipo de fracturas son infrecuentes. El mecanismo lesional suele ser dorsiflexión-pronación. Es importante un diagnóstico temprano y para ello es necesario una alta sospecha diagnóstica. Para su diagnóstico, son necesarias radiografías anteroposterior y lateral y si no se visualiza la lesión, proyección oblicua con 30°- 40° de rotación externa. En casos agudos resulta de utilidad la TAC y en casos crónicos la RM. CONCLUSIÓN Aunque generalmente el tratamiento es conservador, en ocasiones puede ser necesario la cirugía mediante osteosíntesis o exéresis del fragmento cuando la fractura provoca impingement.

OBJECTIVE Show an infrequent fracture of the posteromedial tubercle of the talus diagnosed and treated acutely by Acutrak® screw (2014 Acumed® LLC) osteosynthesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A 28-year-old man attended the Emergency Department after spraining his ankle with pain when moving his ankle and hallux and swelling on the internal face. In the ER it went unnoticed. A week later in the clinic, he refered to the sensation that the first finger is hooked with the flexion extension. A fracture of the medial tubercle of the posterior process of the talus is observed with a displacement of > 3 mm and clinical signs of possible interposition of the hallucis longus . Surgical treatment with Acutrak® screw was made. He was immobilized with a splint for 3 weeks and discharge for 6 weeks. RESULTS At 8 months complete joint balance, without pain or limitations for BADL and without hallux flexor entrapment symptoms. As an acute complication, surgical wound infection that was treated with antibiotics. DISCUSSION These types of fractures are rare. The injury mechanism is usually dorsiflexion-pronation. Early diagnosis is important and a high diagnostic suspicion is required. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs are necessary for its diagnosis and if the lesion is not visualized, oblique projection with 30°- 40° external rotation. CT is useful in acute cases and MRI in chronic cases. CONCLUSION Although the treatment is conservative, surgery may sometimes be necessary by means of osteosynthesis or excision of the fragment when the fracture causes impingement.

Biomechanical comparison of plantar-to-dorsal and dorsal-to-plantar screw fixation strength for subtalar arthrodesis / Comparação biomecânica da força de fixação de parafuso com orientação de plantar para dorsal e vice-versa para artrodese subtalar

ABSTRACT Objective To compare screw fixation strength for subtalar arthrodesis. Methods Eight matched pairs of cadaver feet underwent subtalar joint arthrodesis with two 7.3mm cannulated screws. Randomization was used to assign screw orientation, such that one foot in each pair was assigned dorsal to plantar screw orientation (DP Group), and the other foot, plantar to dorsal orientation (PD Group). Standard surgical technique with fluoroscopy was used for each approach. Following fixation, each specimen was loaded to failure with a Bionix ® 858 MTS device, applying a downward axial force at a distance to create torque. Torque to failure was compared between DP and PD Groups using Student's t test, with p=0.05 used to determine statistical significance. Results Statistical analysis demonstrated that the mean torque to failure slightly favored the DP Group (37.3Nm) to the PD Group (32.2Nm). However, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.55). Conclusion In subtalar arthrodesis, there is no significant difference in construct strength between dorsal-to-plantar and plantar-to-dorsal screw orientation. The approach chosen by the surgeon should be based on factors other than the biomechanical strength of the screw orientation.

RESUMO Objetivo Comparar a força de fixação dos parafusos para artrodese subtalar. Métodos Oito pares de pés de cadáveres frescos foram submetidos à artrodese da articulação subtalar com dois parafusos canulados de 7,3mm. A randomização foi usada para atribuir a orientação do parafuso, de modo que um pé em cada par foi designado com orientação de dorsal para plantar (Grupo DP), e o outro pé com orientação de plantar para dorsal (Grupo PD). Técnica cirúrgica padrão com radioscopia foi usada para os procedimentos. Após a fixação, cada amostra foi testada até a falha com um dispositivo Bionix®858 MTS, aplicando força axial descendente a uma distância para criar torque. O torque de falha foi comparado entre os Grupos DP e PD, usando o teste t de Student, com p=0,05 usado para determinar significância estatística. Resultados A análise estatística demonstrou que a média do torque até a falha favoreceu ligeiramente o Grupo DP (37,3Nm) em relação ao PD (32,2Nm). No entanto, a diferença entre os dois grupos não foi estatisticamente significativa (p=0,55). Conclusão Na artrodese subtalar, não há diferença significativa na força de compressão entre as orientações dos parafusos dorsal-plantar e plantar-dorsal. A abordagem escolhida pelo cirurgião deve ser baseada em outros fatores, sem preocupação com a força biomecânica da orientação dos parafusos.

Is Antegrade Transmalleolar Drilling Method for Osteochondral Lesion of Talus Necessary? Iatrogenic Cystic Formation at the Tibia: A Report of Five Cases

Antegrade transmalleolar drilling method is one of the options for the treatment of osteochondral lesion of talus (OLT). We present five patients who underwent tibial drilling for treatment of OLT and later developed distal tibial cystic formation induced by cartilage opening or heat necrosis during drilling. Antegrade transmalleolar drilling can be a possible option for the treatment of OLT if the lesion is not easily reachable; however, other viable treatment should be considered due to its possibility of distal tibial pathologic change.

Epidemiological study on talus fractures

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of patients with talus fractures and the injuries that they present. Methods: Retrospective analysis on patients hospitalized in the Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, between 2006 and 2011, with talus fractures. Patient profile parameters, risk factors, fracture characteristics, treatment data and acute complications were analyzed. Results: Analysis on 23 cases showed that men were more affected than women, with a ratio of 4.8:1. The most frequent trauma mechanism was traffic accidents, followed by falls from a height. The most frequent type of fracture was at the neck of the talus, with 17 cases. Among the 23 cases, seven had peritalar dislocation at the time of presentation, four had exposed fractures and 11 presented other associated fractures. The mean length of time between the trauma and the definitive treatment was six days, while the mean length of hospital stay was 11 days. Three patients presented acute postoperative complications. Conclusion: Talus fractures occurred most commonly in the region of the talar neck and most frequently in young males who suffered high-energy trauma. In almost half of the cases, there were other associated fractures. The length of hospital stay was 11 days...

Objetivo: Analisar as características dos indivíduos e das lesões encontradas em pacientes com fraturas de tálus. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva dos pacientes internados no Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo de 2006 a 2011 com fratura de tálus. Foram estudados parâmetros associados ao perfil do paciente e fatores de risco, características da fratura, dados do tratamento e complicações agudas. Resultados: A análise dos 23 casos mostrou que os homens foram mais afetados do que as mulheres, com uma relação de 4,8:1. O mecanismo de trauma mais frequente foram os acidentes de trânsito, seguido pelas quedas de altura. O tipo de fratura mais frequente foi a do colo do tálus, com 17 casos. Dos 23 casos, sete apresentavam luxação peritalar no momento da apresentação, quatro tinham fratura exposta e 11 apresentavam outras fraturas associadas. O tempo médio entre o trauma e o tratamento definitivo foi de seis dias, enquanto o tempo médio de permanência hospitalar foi de 11 dias. Houve três pacientes que apresentaram complicações pós-operatórias agudas. Conclusão: A fratura do tálus foi mais comum na região do colo e mais frequente em jovens do gênero masculino que sofreram traumatismos de alta energia. Em quase metade dos casos houve fraturas associadas e o tempo de permanência hospitalar foi de 11 dias...

Desfechos clínicos de tratamento cirúrgico de más uniões ou não consolidadas do tálus / Clinical outcomes of surgical treatment for talar malunions and nonunions

Objetivo: apresentar nossas experiências no tratamento de más uniões ou não consolidações talares. Método: entre janeiro de 2000 e setembro de 2009, 26 pacientes com má união ou nãounião depois de fraturas do tálus foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de acordo com os diferentes tipos de deformidade talar. Os desfechos do tratamento foram avaliados pela escala tornozelo-retropé da AOFAS, assim como por radiografias simples. Resultados: 20 pacientes ficaram disponíveis para acompanhamento por 30 (24 a 60) meses. Não houve problema de cicatrização ou infecção das feridas e foram obtidas uniões sólidas em todos os pacientes. As uniões radiológicas foram atingidas em tempo médio de 14 (faixa de 12 a 18) semanas. O tempo médio para concluir o apoio de carga foi 16 (faixa de 14 a 20) semanas. O escore AOFAS médio aumentou significantemente de 36,2 (27 a 43) para 85,8 (74 a 98). Conclusão: as intervenções cirúrgicas das fraturas mal-unidas ou não consolidadas dos tálus podem produzir resultados satisfatórios e o procedimento apropriado deve ser adotado, de acordo com diferentes tipos de deformidades pós-traumáticas. Nível de Evidência: IV, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Objective: To present our experiences of treating talar malunions and nonunions. Method: between January 2000 and September 2009, 26 patients with malunions or nonunions after talar fractures underwent surgical treatment according to different types of talar deformities. The treatment outcomes were evaluated using AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale as well as plain radiographs. Results: 20 patients were available for follow-up for 30 (range, 24 to 60) months. No wound healing problems or infections occurred and solid unions were achieved in all patients. Radiological unions were achieved at a mean time of 14 (range, 12 to 18) weeks. The mean time to complete weight-bearing was 16 (range, 14 to 20) weeks. The mean AOFAS score increased significantly from 36.2 (range, 27 to 43) to 85.8 (range, 74 to 98). Conclusion: surgical interventions for malunions and nonunions after talar fractures can bring about satisfactory outcomes, and the appropriate procedure should be adopted according to different types of posttraumatic deformities. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Study.

Artroscopía de la articulación subastragalina: técnica quirúrgica, indicaciones, resultados y complicaciones / Subtalar joint arthroscopy: surgical technique, indications, results and complications

Introducción: El abordaje artroscópico para el tratamiento de la patología subastragalina se encuentra en pleno desarrollo. El propósito del presente trabajo es efectuar una descripción de las indicaciones, técnica quirúrgica, resultados y complicaciones en la realización de la artroscopía de la articulación subastragalina. Material y método: Se presenta 14 pacientes con patología de la articulación subastragalina, tratados durante los años 2003 al 2009. Se realizaron 11 artroscopías posteriores y 3 laterales. Seguimiento: 36 meses (R=15-69). Todos los pacientes fueron evaluados mediante el score AOFAS y a los 12 meses de la cirugía se les pregunto: 1- Si estaban satisfechos con el resultado de la cirugía. 2- Si volverían a realizar la intervención. Resultados: La indicación más frecuente de artroscopía para la articulación subastragalina ha sido en nuestra casuística la artrosis (35,71 por ciento). El score AOFAS promedio fue de 88,42 (R=46-100). El 78,58 por ciento de los pacientes estaban satisfechos con el resultado del procedimiento y un 85,72 por ciento volvería a operarse. Tuvimos una complicación de un paciente con hipoestesia del talón (7,14 por ciento). Conclusiones: La artroscopía de la articulación subastragalina es una herramienta diagnóstica y terapéutica segura, reproducible y confiable, exige un conocimiento de la anatomía artroscópica de la región y debe ser llevada a cabo por artroscopistas con experiencia. Diseño del estudio: Serie de casos. Nivel de evidencia: IV.

Tratamento das lesões osteocondrais do talo através da técnica de microperfurações assistidas por artroscopia / Treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus by means of thearthroscopy-assisted microperforation technique

OBJETIVO: Analisar pacientes acometidos por fratura osteocondral do talo tratados cirurgicamente através de microperfurações assistidas por artroscopia. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de 24 pacientes com lesão osteocondral do talo submetidos à microperfurações assistidas por videoartroscopia do tornozelo. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ao sistema de avaliação da American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) no pré e pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Foram observados 19 homens e cinco mulheres, com idade média de 35,3 anos (mínima de 17 anos e máxima de 54 anos). O tempo mínimo de seguimento foi de dois anos (máximo de 39 meses). Todos os pacientes apresentaram melhora do escore da AOFAS após o procedimento cirúrgico, com média de elevação do escore em torno de 22,5 pontos. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica de microperfurações assistidas por videoartroscopia consiste em boa opção para o tratamento das lesões osteocondrais do talo e fornece bons resultados funcionais.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate patients affected by osteochondral fractures of the talus who were treated surgically by means of arthroscopy-assisted microperforation. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out on 24 patients with osteochondral lesions of the talus who underwent microperforation assisted by videoarthroscopy of the ankle. They were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score system before and after the operation. RESULTS: There were 19 men and 5 women, with a mean age of 35.3 years (minimum of 17 years and maximum of 54 years). The minimum follow-up was two years (maximum of 39 months). All the patients showed an improvement in AOFAS score after surgery, with an average improvement of around 22.5 points. CONCLUSION: Videoarthroscopy-assisted microperforation is a good option for treating osteochondral lesions of the talus and provides good functional results.

Primary ankle fusion using blair technique for severely comminuted fracture of the talus

We report a case of a severely comminuted fracture of the body of the talus treated by primary Blair tibiotalar fusion. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A very severely comminuted open fracture of the body of the talus was treated on the same day of injury by debridement and tibiotalar fusion using the Blair fusion technique. Blair fusion may be indicated in cases of severely comminuted fractures of the talar body. It has the advantage of giving a near-normal appearance to the foot, producing less shortening and allowing motion to remain at the talonavicular and anterior subtalar joints

Surgical correction of congenital vertical talus by one-stage peritalar reduction and tibialis anterior transfer

Twenty-eight feet of 16 children with true congenital vertical talus [CVT] were treated surgically by one-stage peritalar reduction and tibialis anterior transfer to the neck of the talus. The male to female ratio was 3:1. Fifty percent [8 patients with 15 feet] were isolated CVT and the remaining [8 patients with 13 feet] were CVT associated with other congenital anomalies mostly arthrogryposis. Patients with the neurological disorders were not included. Familial occurrence was encountered in 4 children [7 feet] of the same family. The mean age at operation was 19.1 +/- 7.1 months [range 6-36]. All patients were operated by the author and were available for clinical and radiological follow-up for a mean of 9 +/- 5.3 years [range 2-16]. A modified scoring system with 32 points for clinical and 8 points for radiological parameters was utilized for assessment of the final outcome. Nine feet [32.1%] had excellent results, 15 [53.6%] good, 3 [10.7%] fair and one [3.6%] poor. The mean score for all patients was 31.9 +/- 2.8 points. All patients and their parents, except one, were satisfied by their functional results and appearance of the feet. Radiologically there was a statistically significant improvement of the measured angles at the final follow-up compared to the preoperative angles. Unsatisfactory results occurred in 4 feet [14.3%]; in 3 due to partial recurrence of the deformity; these were associated with arthrogryposis. The fourth had overcorrection. No talar avascular necrosis was encountered in this study. Early treatment of CVT by simultaneous correction of all the anomalies during the same sitting led to very satisfactory medium term results

results of U- shaped calcaneo-talar osteotomy in correction of hindfoot deformities

Thirty patients; 21 males [70%] and 9 females [30%] with an average age of 24 years old had had hindfoot deformities due to old poliomyelitis in 24 cases [80%] and neglected T.E.V in 6 cases [20%] and subjected to a calcaneotalar osteotomy. The presenting hindfoot deformities included: equinovarus in 22 cases [73.33%]; equinovalgus in 2 cases [6.66%], ealcaneus in 4 cases [13.33%] and calcaneovalgus in 2 cases [6.66%]. Associated mid and forefoot deformities included: cavovarus in 22 cases [73.3 3%]; calcaneovalgus in 2 cases [6-66%] and forefoot valgus in 2 cases [6.66%] and clawing of toes in 18 cases [60%]. Unstable ankle was present in 3 cases [10%]. Previous 42 operations had been done at an average period of 16 years before. The ostcotomy describes a roughly semicircular cut from just posterior to the talocalcanean joint, downwards in the calcaneus and upwards and forward into and through the talar head. Postoperative cast fixation was done in 3 cases [10%] and Ilizarov external fixator was used in 27 cases [90%]. Additional operations were done to corea the mid and hind foot and toe deformities and to stabilize the unstable ankle either at the first operation or at 2 and 4 weeks interval from the first operation. The average postoperative fixation was 3 months in the cast and 5 months in the fram. No major complications were happened The average follow - up period was 3 year. The mean time for osteotomy site to unite was 21/2 months. The subjective results were excellent in 18 cases [60%]; good in 9 cases [30%] and poor in 3 cases [10%]. Objectively, the results were excellent in 24 cases [80%] and good in 6 cases [20%]

Comportamiento del condroblastoma de astrágalo en un basquetbolista: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Behavior of talus chondroblastoma in a basketball player: case report

La presencia de este tipo de tumores en el pie es extremadamente raro y sólo algunos han sido reportados. La forma de presentarse en este deportista y su evolución totalmente benigna a pesar de su aspecto, estimula al cirujano ortopedista a una resección quirúrgica amplia en estos casos

Estudio anatómico de los músculos del pie / Anatomical study of the foot muscles. Reseach on measures and rotation arches used form the distal third of the leg and Talus' reconstruction. Part.I

Las soluciones de continuidad de la región del talus de la región proximal de la planta del pie y del tercio distal de la región cruralis poseen dos problemas específicos: la cobertura y la sensibilidad. La utilización de colgajos cruzados cutáneos musculares y colgajos microquirúrgicos provocan una estadía hospitalaria prolongada y en algunos casos una alta morbilidad. El empleo de colgajos musculares del pie soluciona los inconvenientes anteriores. Tomando como puntos fijos las ápices de ambos maléolos se logró determinar que los colgajos de rotación del m.abductor digiti minimi y absuctor hallucis no logran cubrir defectos maleolares superiores a 10 y 13 cm2 respectivamente. El m. flexor digitorum brevis cubre la región del talus a través de una rotación de 180 grados, pero no es útil para solucionar defectos en los maléolos y tendón calcáneo. La combinación con el m. abductor digiti minimi amplia la superficie del talus a cubrir. El m. extensor digitorum brevis permite la reconstrucción anterior de la articulación talocruralis, pero posee un arco de rotación que solo logra cubrir el maléolo lateral. El resto de los músculos no poseen volumen suficiente o se comprometen sus arcos vasculonerviosos cuando se los emplean para la reconstrucción de dichas regiones

Osteoma osteoide del astrágalo

El osteoma osteoide del astrágalo comprende el 5 por ciento de estos tumores, y es usualmente de presentación clínica confusa y de diagnóstico radiológico difícil. Presentamos un caso de osteoma osteoide localizado en el cuello del astrágalo, en un joven de 18 años, el cual llevaba 4 años de sintomatología sin mejoría, por lo que se le realizó resonancia magnética. en ella que visualizó un patrón de edema medular e irregularidad cortical en el cuello que sugirieron el diagnóstico, comprobándose posteriormente con tomografía e histología

Astragalectomia no tratamento das deformidades graves dos pés / Astragalectomy in the treatment of serious deformities of the feet

Os autores apresentam os resultados cirúrgicos da astragalectomia em 19 pacientes (26 pés) com deformidades graves de etiologia variada, no período de 1985 a 1995. O tempo de seguimento médio foi de três anos e seis meses (mínimo de um ano e máximo de oito anos). Na análise dos resultados, foram obtidos: 19 pés (73,07%) com correção satisfatória e sete pés (26,93%) considerados insatisfatórios.

Treatment of congenital vertical talus by one stage operation using cincinnati incision: a combination of a retrospective and prspective study

Twenty-seven patients with thirty-six feet with congenital vertical talus were treated. They were treated by a one stage operation using the Cincinnati incision. Sixteen patients had excellent results. Good results were achieved in seven patients. Fair results were achieved in the remaining four patients

Osteocondrosis del hueso trígono (os trigonum) causa poco frecuente de dolor en tobillo. Informe de un caso / Os trigonum osteochondrosis as an unusual cause of pain. Case report

Se presenta un caso de dolor en tobillo, en un adolescente, producido por un osteocondrosis de crecimiento del hueso trígono